![]() Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) due to formation of esophageal webs ( Plummer–Vinson syndrome).Koilonychia (spoon-shaped nails) or nails that are brittle.Angular cheilitis (inflammatory lesions at the mouth's corners).Glossitis (inflammation or infection of the tongue).Tingling, numbness, or burning sensations.Palpitations (feeling that the heart is skipping beats or fluttering).Other possible symptoms and signs of iron-deficiency anemia include: Pica may also develop of which consumption of ice, known as pagophagia, has been suggested to be the most specific for iron deficiency anemia. In severe cases, shortness of breath can occur. Thus, this sign is reasonably predictive when present, but not helpful when absent, as only one-third to one-half of children who are anemic (depending on severity) will show pallor. Even so, a large study showed that pallor of the mucous membranes is only 28% sensitive and 87% specific (with high predictive value) in distinguishing children with anemia (defined as hemoglobin < 11.0 g/dl) and 49% sensitive and 79% specific in distinguishing severe anemia (hemoglobin < 7.0 g/dl). The symptom most suggestive of iron deficiency anemia in children is pallor of mucous membranes (primarily the conjunctiva). None of these symptoms (or any of the others below) are sensitive or specific. It may be accompanied by other symptoms, such as hair loss and thinning, cracked and dry lips, and dark circles around the eyes. If symptoms present, patients may present with the sign of pallor (reduced oxyhemoglobin in skin or mucous membranes), and the symptoms of feeling tired, weak, dizziness, lightheadedness, poor physical exertion, headaches, decreased ability to concentrate, cold hands and feet, cold sensitivity, increased thirst and confusion. Iron-deficiency anemia may be present without a person experiencing symptoms, it tends to develop slowly therefore the body has time to adapt, and the disease often goes unrecognized for some time. In 2015, anemia due to iron deficiency resulted in about 54,000 deaths – down from 213,000 deaths in 1990. Women and young children are most commonly affected. A lack of dietary iron is estimated to cause approximately half of all anemia cases globally. Iron-deficiency anemia affected about 1.48 billion people in 2015. Severe cases may be treated with blood transfusions or iron injections. Iron supplements and vitamin C may be recommended. Treatment may include dietary changes and dealing with underlying causes, for example medical treatment for parasites or surgery for ulcers. Foods high in iron include meat, nuts, spinach, and foods made with iron-fortified flour. Iron deficiency anemia can be prevented by eating a diet containing sufficient amounts of iron or by iron supplementation. In the developing world, parasitic worms, malaria, and HIV/AIDS increase the risk of iron deficiency anemia. Poor absorption of iron from food may occur as a result of an intestinal disorder such as inflammatory bowel disease or celiac disease, or surgery such as a gastric bypass. Sources of blood loss can include heavy periods, childbirth, uterine fibroids, stomach ulcers, colon cancer, and urinary tract bleeding. ![]() Iron-deficiency anemia is caused by blood loss, insufficient dietary intake, or poor absorption of iron from food. There may be additional symptoms depending on the underlying cause. Children with iron deficiency anemia may have problems with growth and development. Anemia is typically significant before a person becomes noticeably pale. Anemia that comes on quickly often has more severe symptoms, including confusion, feeling like one is going to pass out or increased thirst. When onset is slow, symptoms are often vague such as feeling tired, weak, short of breath, or having decreased ability to exercise. Anemia is defined as a decrease in the number of red blood cells or the amount of hemoglobin in the blood. Iron-deficiency anemia is anemia caused by a lack of iron. Iron supplements, vitamin C, blood transfusions Heart failure, arrhythmias, frequent infections ĭietary changes, medications, surgery Feeling tired, weakness, shortness of breath, confusion, pallor
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